NEMA 4X Panel Cooling Challenges

Electronic components don’t like heat, which is kind of ironic, considering they generate so much heat by themselves. Heat causes them to malfunction, and prolonged exposure can shorten their lifespan, or even cause them to fail RIGHT NOW. In any case, it’s important to keep them cool.

The computer that sits on my desk has a little fan in the back. This circulates fairly clean air from our climate-controlled office through the inside, keeping everything working just like it should.

It’d be great if ALL electrical & electronic component enclosures were situated in such ideal environments. Many, though, are subject to HARSH conditions: dust, oil vapor, high humidity, water spray for sanitation, high temperatures, corrosive elements – just to name a few. And EXAIR has panel cooling solutions for ALL of them.

Today, dear reader, we’re going to look at that last one: corrosive elements in the environment. Some of the more popular places where we encounter these are:

  • Paper mills use chemicals that create harsh vapors. If you’ve ever been around a paper mill, you likely know the smell of methyl mercaptan. Whether you know the name or not, it’s the source of that trademark odor that permeates the air for MILES around paper mills, and it’s a byproduct of pulp processing that’s corrosive in wet or humid environments . . .like paper mills.
  • Wastewater treatment plants use highly corrosive chemicals to make clean water out of — let’s just say, not-so-clean water. And, the process releases hydrogen sulfide gas, which is HIGHLY corrosive.
  • Chemical plants: they make corrosive stuff ON PURPOSE. To be fair, those harsh chemicals are used in the production of just about everything in the modern world.
  • Electroplating facilities use some of the strongest acids and bases in their plating solutions, which release harsh & corrosive vapors.
  • Food processing facilities have to wash down entire rooms within their buildings, and some of the sanitizing agents they use create corrosive conditions.

You obviously can’t use fans (like my desktop computer in our clean office environment) for cooling control panels in these environments. Panel air conditioners have filters that can get dirty in a hurry, cooling coils that get fouled and corroded, and electric motors that burn out quicker in harsh environments. These environments are where Cabinet Cooler Systems make the most sense. With no moving parts to wear or electrical components to burn out, they’ll run darn near indefinitely, maintenance free, as long as they’re supplied with clean compressed air. And since 100% of the cold air they make comes from the compressed air supply, when they’re properly installed on a sealed panel, the only thing the components inside are ever exposed to is clean, cold, moisture-free air.

EXAIR NEMA 12 (oil tight, dust tight, indoor duty) and NEMA 4 (splash resistant, indoor/outdoor duty) Cabinet Coolers are made of lightweight and fairly corrosion-resistant aluminum. When harsh corrosive elements are present, though, our NEMA 4X (corrosion resistant, indoor/outdoor duty) Cabinet Coolers are made of type 303 Stainless Steel. When PARTICULARLY corrosive elements are present, we also offer them in type 316 Stainless Steel as well.

EXAIR NEMA 4X Cabinet Coolers are made of Stainless Steel for corrosion resistance in the harshest of conditions.

If you’ve got electric panels in a harsh environment, EXAIR has reliable, durable cooling solutions. If you’d like to find out more, give me a call.

Russ Bowman, CCASS

Application Engineer
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NEMA Ratings Explained

NEMA ratings serve as important standards that delineate the specific environments suitable for electrical enclosures. Established by the National Electrical Manufacturers Association, this rating system indicates the capacity of a fixed enclosure to endure various environmental conditions. Below are some of the reasons why NEMA ratings are used for rating enclosures.

Environmental Protection– NEMA ratings serve as a benchmark for the level of protection that electrical enclosures offer against various environmental elements, including dust, moisture, chemicals, and corrosion.

Safety – Ensuring the safety of personnel and preventing accidents related to enclosures is of the utmost importance. By choosing the correct NEMA-rated enclosure, the risks associated with electric shock and exposure to hazardous materials can be significantly reduced or entirely avoided.

Equipment Performance– To ensure optimal performance of electrical equipment, it is essential to adhere to specific environmental requirements tailored to the equipment’s needs. The ratings associated with the equipment will guide you in selecting appropriate enclosures that offer adequate protection against temperature extremes, humidity, and excessive vibration.

Compliance and Regulations– NEMA ratings are established by regulatory bodies and industry standards to ensure that electrical installations adhere to essential requirements. Adhering to these ratings minimizes the risk of non-compliance and the potential legal ramifications that may arise from it.

Equipment Durability and Reliability– Electrical enclosures designed with the appropriate NEMA ratings provide enhanced durability and reliability by safeguarding internal components from environmental influences. This protection not only prolongs the equipment’s lifespan but also minimizes maintenance requirements and boosts overall system performance.

NEMA 12 Cabinet Cooler Systems are oil-tight, dust-tight, and rated for indoor duty. They can also be installed on the wall of an enclosure (instead of the top) with a Side Mount Kit.

EXAIR Cabinet Cooler NEMA Ratings:

NEMA 12 enclosures are designed primarily for indoor use in industrial, manufacturing, and machining environments. These robust metal enclosures provide effective protection against dust, dirt, and non-corrosive liquids, including oils and lubricants.

NEMA 4 rating signifies that an electrical enclosure is designed to withstand exposure to wind-driven dust and rain, splashing water, and water from hoses, while also resisting damage from ice accumulation. This rating makes the enclosure suitable for both indoor and outdoor applications, ensuring robust protection against various environmental conditions.

NEMA 4X rating indicates that an electrical enclosure is suitable for both indoor and outdoor applications, providing protection against wind-driven dust, rain, splashes, and hose-directed water, as well as resistance to corrosion. The inclusion of the “X” signifies enhanced corrosion protection, making these enclosures ideal for challenging environments such as marine locations and chemical processing facilities.

If you have questions about NEMA Ratings, or anything regarding EXAIR and our products, please do not hesitate to reach out.

Jason Kirby
Application Engineer
Email: jasonkirby@exair.com
Twitter: @EXAIR_jk

Hazardous Location Cooler: UL and ATEX!

EXAIR currently offers TWO styles of cabinet coolers designed and certified for classified areas. Both UL Classified and ATEX!

Hazardous locations are a tricky opponent for electrical panels and controls. To safely be in a HAZLOC, they either have to be rated for that environment or they need to be enclosed in a Cabinet that is purged and pressurized to keep any explosive gases, fumes, or dust out of the Cabinet. This is no new thing, however, as the Industrial revolution 4.0 continues to grow and progress, products are continually being added to HAZLOC areas. For example, robotic controls, analyzers, motors and switch gears now use electronic accessories to meet the needs for speed, process control and energy efficiency, which often renders the equipment unsuitable for use in hazardous locations.  While the demand for these new devices continues to grow, not all of these items are able to be made intrinsically safe. And the items that are not will need to be enclosed in a cabinet where heat will build, and you need to manage that heat load while retaining the positive pressure purge and pressurization.

HazLoc Cabinet Coolers are designed for hazardous locations and are mounted to NEMA 7, 8, and 9 enclosures.  EXAIR catalogs these Cabinet Coolers as NEMA 4 (IP66) or NEMA 4X (IP66), as mentioned above.  But their registration for UL classification is for Class I, Class II, and Class III hazardous areas, both Div 1 and Div 2.  The reason that they do not match the NEMA rating of the hazardous panels is because they require an X-type or Z-type purge system.  In combination, they will not sacrifice the integrity of the hazardous electrical panels.   

ATEX Cabinet Coolers have similar attributes to HazLoc Cabinet Coolers except this type of registration is popularly used in Europe.  These area classifications fall under the EN/IEC 60079-2 international standard for explosive zones.  It covers three zones in two hazardous areas; gas/liquid and dust.  The ATEX Cabinet Coolers can be used in Zone 2 for gas/liquid and Zone 22 for dust.  Like the HazLoc Cabinet Coolers, to keep their classification, the ATEX Cabinet Coolers require a Zone 2/22 purge system.  The ATEX terminology is as follows:  

Gas – CE EX II 3 G Ex h IIC T3 Gc

Dust – CE EX II 3 D Ex h IIIC 200oC Dc  

EXAIR offers a variety of Cabinet Coolers in stock with different cooling capacities, materials of construction, and operational locations.  We also offer them in 316SS, high temperature versions, and non-hazardous purge.  We do have a Cabinet Cooler System Sizing Guide to help determine the best product for your application or a Cabinet Cooler System Calculator to do it yourself.  For any hazardous location, we do recommend contacting us for clarification.  If you have any questions, an Application Engineer at EXAIR can assist you.    

 Jordan Shouse

Application Engineer

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EXAIR High Temperature Cabinet Cooler Systems Provide Durable, Reliable Heat Protection

One of the great things about EXAIR Cabinet Cooler Systems is that the environment in which they’re operated won’t affect their operation, or cooling performance, whatsoever. It’s, of course, important to choose the appropriate NEMA rating. For example, a NEMA 12 (oil tight, dust tight, indoor duty) Cabinet Cooler System will work great on a control panel in a typical factory setting, but if it’s going to be in an area where it could get wet, you’ll want a NEMA 4 (oil tight, dust tight, splash resistant, indoor/outdoor duty) System, and if whatever’s going to get it wet is corrosive in nature, a NEMA 4X (NEMA 4 rated, and made of stainless steel for corrosion resistance) System will be specified. We even make the NEMA 4X Cabinet Coolers in 316SS, if that’s required for corrosion resistance in the area where they’ll be installed.

What if it’s hot – I mean, really hot – in the area? The performance of other methods of cooling such as panel a/c, recirculating fans, or heat pipes is directly affected by the ambient temperature: the higher it gets, the lower their cooling performance. This is not the case with Cabinet Cooler Systems – the only variables to their cooling performance are the pressure and temperature of the compressed air supply. And if the temperature can exceed 125°F (52°C), we can provide High Temperature Cabinet Cooler Systems that are suitable for use in environments where the ambient temperature can be as high as 200°F (93°C). These are available, from stock, in cooling capacities of 1,000 Btu/hr and up.

High Temperature Cabinet Cooler Systems are available, from stock, in cooling capacities of 1,000 Btu/hr and up.

Regardless of where your critical electronics or control panels are located, if you need durable, reliable heat protection for them, EXAIR Cabinet Cooler Systems can provide just that. If you’d like to find out more, give me a call.

Russ Bowman, CCASS

Application Engineer
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