Category: Cabinet Cooler

NEMA 4X Panel Cooling Challenges

Published on by Russ BowmanLeave a comment

Electronic components don’t like heat, which is kind of ironic, considering they generate so much heat by themselves. Heat causes them to malfunction, and prolonged exposure can shorten their lifespan, or even cause them to fail RIGHT NOW. In any case, it’s important to keep them cool.

The computer that sits on my desk has a little fan in the back. This circulates fairly clean air from our climate-controlled office through the inside, keeping everything working just like it should.

It’d be great if ALL electrical & electronic component enclosures were situated in such ideal environments. Many, though, are subject to HARSH conditions: dust, oil vapor, high humidity, water spray for sanitation, high temperatures, corrosive elements – just to name a few. And EXAIR has panel cooling solutions for ALL of them.

Today, dear reader, we’re going to look at that last one: corrosive elements in the environment. Some of the more popular places where we encounter these are:

  • Paper mills use chemicals that create harsh vapors. If you’ve ever been around a paper mill, you likely know the smell of methyl mercaptan. Whether you know the name or not, it’s the source of that trademark odor that permeates the air for MILES around paper mills, and it’s a byproduct of pulp processing that’s corrosive in wet or humid environments . . .like paper mills.
  • Wastewater treatment plants use highly corrosive chemicals to make clean water out of — let’s just say, not-so-clean water. And, the process releases hydrogen sulfide gas, which is HIGHLY corrosive.
  • Chemical plants: they make corrosive stuff ON PURPOSE. To be fair, those harsh chemicals are used in the production of just about everything in the modern world.
  • Electroplating facilities use some of the strongest acids and bases in their plating solutions, which release harsh & corrosive vapors.
  • Food processing facilities have to wash down entire rooms within their buildings, and some of the sanitizing agents they use create corrosive conditions.

You obviously can’t use fans (like my desktop computer in our clean office environment) for cooling control panels in these environments. Panel air conditioners have filters that can get dirty in a hurry, cooling coils that get fouled and corroded, and electric motors that burn out quicker in harsh environments. These environments are where Cabinet Cooler Systems make the most sense. With no moving parts to wear or electrical components to burn out, they’ll run darn near indefinitely, maintenance free, as long as they’re supplied with clean compressed air. And since 100% of the cold air they make comes from the compressed air supply, when they’re properly installed on a sealed panel, the only thing the components inside are ever exposed to is clean, cold, moisture-free air.

EXAIR NEMA 12 (oil tight, dust tight, indoor duty) and NEMA 4 (splash resistant, indoor/outdoor duty) Cabinet Coolers are made of lightweight and fairly corrosion-resistant aluminum. When harsh corrosive elements are present, though, our NEMA 4X (corrosion resistant, indoor/outdoor duty) Cabinet Coolers are made of type 303 Stainless Steel. When PARTICULARLY corrosive elements are present, we also offer them in type 316 Stainless Steel as well.

EXAIR NEMA 4X Cabinet Coolers are made of Stainless Steel for corrosion resistance in the harshest of conditions.

If you’ve got electric panels in a harsh environment, EXAIR has reliable, durable cooling solutions. If you’d like to find out more, give me a call.

Russ Bowman, CCASS

Application Engineer
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EXAIR High Temperature Cabinet Coolers for Extreme Environments

Published on by Al WooffittLeave a comment

EXAIR‘s High Temperature Cabinet Cooler Systems prevent electrical panel failures in extreme environments where ambient temperatures reach up to 200°F (93°C). Traditional cooling methods like fans or standard air conditioners fail when positioned near intense heat sources. EXAIR’s specialized vortex-tube-powered coolers deliver reliable thermal protection to ensure your operations keep running smoothly without catastrophic heat downtime.

Industrial electrical cabinets often face brutal environments. Standard electronics are designed to operate optimally around 95°F (35°C). However, when control panels are installed near high-heat infrastructure, internal components quickly bake and fail. Typical problem areas include:

  • Boiler rooms
  • Furnaces and foundries
  • Industrial ovens
  • Steam lines and casting operations

Standard cabinet coolers struggle when ambient temperatures exceed 125°F (52°C). For these ultra-hot zones, a heavy-duty solution is required.

EXAIR High Temperature Cabinet Coolers use advanced vortex tube technology to turn ordinary compressed air into a clean, cold air stream. In the video below, you can see this cooling effect in action. All of this is achieved without the need for refrigerants or moving parts.

Some key benefits of Vortex Tube technology are:

  • Zero Moving Parts: No fans, motors, or bearings to wear out or clog from ambient dust.
  • No Refrigerants: Eliminates Freon leaks, compressors, and complex chemical maintenance.
  • Instant Installation: Mounts in minutes through a standard electrical knockout.
  • Continuous Integrity: Available in NEMA 12 (dust-tight), NEMA 4 (splash-resistant), and NEMA 4X (corrosion-resistant stainless steel) ratings to maintain your enclosure’s structural seal.

Precise and Efficient Temperature Control

Compressed air is a valuable resource, and EXAIR systems are optimized to ensure it isn’t wasted.

  • Thermostat-Controlled Systems: These configurations use an adjustable mechanical thermostat factory-set to 95°F (35°C). The cooler only activates when the interior temperature hits critical levels, automatically shutting off once cooled.
  • Electronic Temperature Control (ETC): For precision applications, the EXAIR Electronic Temperature Control system utilizes a digital LED readout and a quick-response thermocouple to manage internal environment settings accurately down to the degree.

Choosing the right unit depends on your specific cabinet dimensions and internal heat loads. High-temperature models start at cooling capacities of 1,000 BTU/hr and can scale up significantly to handle heavy component loads.

To avoid guesswork, you can use the online EXAIR Cabinet Cooler Calculator to input your panel’s dimensions and temperatures. The tool will automatically determine if a high-temperature system is required and identify the exact BTU capacity you need. Or if you would like an Application Engineer to assist you, feel free to give us a call at 1-800-903-9247!

Al Wooffitt
Application Engineer

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Beat the Heat: How to Correctly Size an EXAIR Cabinet Cooler

Published on by Al WooffittLeave a comment

Electrical enclosures are the brains of modern manufacturing. When heat builds up inside them, it triggers tripped breakers, blown fuses, and costly component failures.

Standard air conditioners are bulky and require heavy maintenance. EXAIR Cabinet Coolers offer a low-maintenance alternative by using vortex tube technology to turn compressed air into cold air.

Compressed air goes in; cold air comes out of the Vortex Tube and is circulated through the enclosure. The Vortex Tube’s hot flow and the warm exhaust from the enclosure are vented through the Cabinet Cooler’s body.

To protect your electronics, you must choose the right cooler size. Sizing requires calculating the total heat load of your enclosure. Here is the step-by-step process to get it right.

The Four Sources of Heat Load

To find the total heat load, you must look at how energy enters or builds up in your panel. The total heat load is determined by adding four main areas together: internal, external, fan, and solar heat loads.

1. Internal Heat Load

The internal load is the heat generated by the inefficiencies of your electrical devices inside the panel. You can calculate this by listing the wattage or volt/amp ratings of your major devices—like VFDs, power supplies, and transformers. Alternatively, you can measure the current internal and external air temperature. The difference between these two can be used to calculate the internal heat load.

2. External Heat Load

External heat enters the panel from the surrounding room or nearby high-heat equipment like ovens. To ensure your electronics stay cool on the hottest day, you must compare the highest expected external air temperature against your maximum desired internal temperature. Most electrical components are designed to operate around 95°F (35°C).

3. Panel Fans

Installing an EXAIR Cabinet Cooler requires sealing all vents and removing old panel fans to allow the system to properly purge hot, humid air. Because you are removing an active, albeit less efficient, cooling device, you must factor that fan back into your equations. You will need to account for either the fan’s flow rate or its physical diameter.

4. Solar Heat Load

Solar heat is an extra thermal load that only applies if your panel is stationed outdoors without cover and under direct sunlight. For outdoor calculations, the color of your enclosure matters significantly; lighter cabinet colors absorb much less heat than darker finishes.

All of these elements can be plugged into our Cabinet Cooler sizing guide, or our online Cabinet Cooler Systems Calculator to give you the total heat load in BTU/hr. Once you have your final BTU/hr requirement, it’s as simple as matching it to the appropriate EXAIR system. EXAIR systems range from small 275 BTU/hr units up to heavy-duty 5,600 BTU/hr systems.

You also need to select the correct NEMA rating for your environment:

  • NEMA 12: For dust and oil-tight industrial environments.
  • NEMA 4: For water-resistant, outdoor, or washdown areas.
  • NEMA 4X: For corrosion-resistant stainless steel environments (food processing/chemical).

By taking precise measurements and calculating your true thermal load, you ensure your control panels stay cool, production keeps running, and you never waste compressed air on an oversized unit.

Al Wooffitt
Application Engineer

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The Cost Of Cooling Electrical Panels

Published on by Russ BowmanLeave a comment

Heat, dirt, and moisture are natural enemies of electrical and electronic gear. Dirt and moisture are relatively easy to eliminate as dangers: just seal up the enclosure so they can’t get in. Heat, though, is a real “apex predator.” Whether the enclosure is sealed or not, the components inside will generate heat if they’re energized. And no matter what, the enclosure will get as hot as its surroundings in time, as long as the Second Law of Thermodynamics is in effect (spoiler alert: it’s immutable.)

So how do you keep the components in those panels cool? If the environment is clean enough and the temperature and humidity aren’t too high, fans can circulate cooling air from the environment through the panel. These are readily commercially available starting under $100.00, and generally won’t cost any more than about $50.00 a year in operating costs (electricity). If the environment is climate controlled and relatively free of contaminants, you can’t beat them. If you’re on a desktop computer, and it hasn’t burned out, there’s your proof.

Many, if not most, industrial panels, though, are in areas where fan cooling just won’t cut it. Not only will those aforementioned natural enemies like dirt & moisture be allowed in, they’ll be DRAGGED in. Luckily, modern technology presents us with a number of options, depending on the particulars of the environment. The following are some details on “the usual suspects”, and a table with total cost of ownership:

Panel air conditioners work on the refrigerant cycle and are capable of the highest cooling capacities of the methods detailed here. They’re also the most expensive, with a typical annual cost of over $1,100.00.

Aside from the high cost, they can be maintenance intensive and prone to failure, especially in dirty or oily environments. Their cooling capacity is also adversely affected by higher ambient temperatures.

Air-to-air heat exchangers transfer heat continuously through a sealed, hollow tube by vaporizing and condensing a refrigerant-type fluid. Instead of using compressors with electric motors and other mechanical components with lots of moving parts, they rely on capillary action to effect the phase changes. They can’t cool below ambient temperature, but they are the least expensive of these, coming in at around $370.00 in annual cost.

*Hot air (inside the panel) causes refrigerant in heat pipe to flash to a gas.
*Cold air (from the environment) causes the refrigerant to condense to a liquid.

Liquid-to-air heat exchangers work an awful lot like a car radiator: they circulate liquid (usually a water/glycol mix, like anti-freeze) through a heat exchanger/heat sink inside the panel and then through a heat exchanger outside the panel. Like the fan and refrigerant-based coolers, their cooling performance drops as the ambient temperature rises, except for the ones that use chilled water. In facilities that already have chilled water, that might not be a big deal, but if you need one that comes with the chiller, they can get pretty expensive. And, you still have the maintenance & durability issues that come with any refrigerant-operated cooler. Liquid-to-air systems can run as low as ~$425.00 a year in total cost, for the ones that don’t need chilled water.

Thermoelectric coolers use the Peltier effect: when voltage is applied to two electrodes connected to a semiconductor, heat is transferred from one side to the other. Their compact design with no moving parts makes them popular for high-performance gaming computers (like the one my son spends WAY too much time on), small coolers (wine experts like them because they don’t cause any vibration which can affect the wine’s quality), and certain lab, medical, and laser cooling equipment. They have a limited cooling capacity, and because electric current generates heat, that gets added to the overall heat dissipation. The annual cost for these is around $950.00.

EXAIR Cabinet Cooler Systems can be installed in minutes, have no moving parts to wear, no electric motors to burn out, aren’t affected by environmental contaminants or humidity. In fact, of all the methods available for panel cooling, they have the widest range of where they can be used:

They do require an adequate supply of compressed air, which makes up the bulk of their total cost of ownership, which is around $410.00 a year.

I’ve mentioned cost of ownership several times, so I had better get to what that means: it’s the cost of the equipment itself and installation (spread across the effective life of the equipment), plus the annual maintenance & operating costs. Here’s a table with a comparison of the panel cooling options above:

If you have electrical or electronic panels that need heat protection RIGHT NOW, we can help. ALL of our systems are in stock and available for same-day shipment. We can even help out with determining which one is right for your needs with the information from our Sizing Guide, or you can do it yourself with our online calculator. If you want some help with it, give me a call.

Russ Bowman, CCASS

Application Engineer
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