Tag: hierarchy

The Hierarchy of Controls and How It Applies to EXAIR Compressed Air Solutions

Published on by Jordan T ShouseLeave a comment

In industrial environments, safety teams rely on the Hierarchy of Controls to reduce workplace hazards. Rather than relying on personal protective equipment (PPE), this process prioritizes eliminating risks at their source or engineering them out of the process. For manufacturers, maintenance teams, and engineers, applying the hierarchy of controls can significantly improve safety, reduce downtime, and increase efficiency.

Many compressed air applications—blow off, cooling, conveying, and static elimination—present opportunities to implement safer and more effective solutions using products from EXAIR.

What Is the Hierarchy of Controls?

The Hierarchy of Controls is a widely accepted framework in occupational safety used to minimize or eliminate exposure to hazards. It is commonly promoted by organizations like the Occupational Safety and Health Administration and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.

The hierarchy ranks safety controls from most effective to least effective:

  1. Elimination – Remove the hazard entirely
  2. Substitution – Replace the hazard with a safer alternative
  3. Engineering Controls – Isolate people from the hazard
  4. Administrative Controls – Change the way people work
  5. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) – Protect the worker with gear

While elimination and substitution are ideal, they are not always feasible in manufacturing environments.

Applying the Hierarchy of Controls to Compressed Air Systems

1. Elimination

The most effective control is removing the hazard entirely. In compressed air systems, this can mean eliminating unsafe blow-off methods like open pipes or drilled tubing that create excessive noise, dangerous dead-end pressure, and flying debris. Replacing these setups with engineered solutions from EXAIR Corporation removes many of these hazards while maintaining performance.

2. Substitution

Substitution replaces hazardous equipment or processes with safer alternatives. In many facilities, this involves switching from improvised blow-off devices to engineered products like air nozzles or air knives. These solutions reduce noise, improve airflow efficiency, and significantly lower compressed air consumption.

3. Engineering Controls

Engineering controls isolate workers from hazards through equipment design. Many EXAIR products function as engineering controls by improving safety and reliability in compressed air systems. Devices like safety air nozzles, cabinet coolers, and air knives help control airflow, reduce noise levels, and prevent unsafe pressure conditions.

EXAIR Electronic Flow Control

4. Administrative Controls

Administrative controls focus on improving procedures and training. This includes compressed air safety training, pressure guidelines, and routine system audits. While helpful, these controls rely on human behavior, so they are most effective when combined with engineered solutions.

5. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

PPE—such as safety glasses or hearing protection—is the last line of defense. It protects workers from hazards but does not remove the risk itself. Implementing engineered compressed air solutions can reduce many hazards before PPE becomes necessary.

Compressed air is one of the most widely used utilities in manufacturing—but it’s also one of the most misused. Improper blow off setups, excessive noise, and inefficient airflow can introduce safety hazards and energy waste.

With the right approach and the right equipment, companies can create safer, quieter, and more efficient processes—while maximizing the performance of their compressed air systems.

Solutions from EXAIR, help organizations move up the hierarchy by replacing unsafe methods with engineered products designed specifically for industrial environments.

Jordan Shouse, CCASS

Application Engineer / Sales Operations Engineer

Send me an email

Hierarchy of Controls Image courdsey of CDC.Gov

Creating a Safer Environment for Industries

Published on by John BallLeave a comment

EXAIR has been at the forefront of safety and efficiency when it comes to blow-off devices since 1983.  We understand the importance of keeping personnel and the workplace safe.  Controlling an employee’s exposure to hazards is a fundamental method of protecting them. The CDC published a useful guide called “Hierarchy of Controls” detailing five types of control methods as a means to implement effective solutions.

  • Elimination
  • Substitution
  • Engineering controls
  • Administrative controls
  • Personal protective equipment (PPE)

Elimination:

Elimination removes the hazard from the source.  Elimination is at the top of the chart because it is the best way to protect workers.  In my previous line of work, we had to use MEK to dilute a solvent-based epoxy.  By switching over to a water-based epoxy, we were able to eliminate the chemical hazard from our process.  In some situations, this can be a difficult task, but the elimination criteria should be the first thing to review.

Substitution:

Substitution is looking for a different but safer modification to the source of the hazard.  An example would be static elimination.  If we take into consideration an ionization bar to remove static, there are manufacturers that make “hot” bars that will shock the operator if they get too close to the ionizing point.  EXAIR Gen4 Ionizing Bars are shockless.  By substituting the “hot” bars with EXAIR Gen4 Ionizing Bars, you just removed the shock hazard for your operators.  When considering substitution, it is important to compare the new risk of the replacement to the original risk.  Remember, we are trying to reduce the potential effects of injuries. 

The CDC explains these first two methods with this statement, “Elimination and substitution can be the most difficult actions to adopt into an existing process. These methods are best used at the design or development stage of a work process, place, or tool.  At the development stage, elimination and substitution may be the simplest and cheapest options.  Another good opportunity to use elimination and substitution is when selecting new equipment or procedures.  Prevention through Design is an approach to proactively including prevention when designing work equipment, tools, operations, and spaces.”1

Engineering Controls:

Engineering controls are very common.  Companies can evaluate an area for hazards and address them with proven controls.  This can be as simple as adding light curtains to a stamping machine.  Another area would be using compressed air for blow-off applications.  EXAIR has been providing engineered products to reduce these hazards.  We offer Safety Air Nozzles, Safety Air Guns, Super Air Knives, and Air Amplifiers to reduce the noise level and dead-end pressure as found in the OSHA directives 29CFR 1910.65(a) for maximum allowable noise exposure and 29CFR 1910.242(b) for dead-end pressure/chip shielding.  By adding an engineered nozzle like our Super Air Nozzle over an open pipe, it will protect your workers, stop OSHA fines, and reduce energy costs. 

Administrative Controls:

These controls will move personnel or change the process to limit the length of exposure time to the hazard.  As you notice, this is toward the bottom of the hierarchy chart as one of the least effective ways for dealing with a hazard.  As an example, an operator is exposed to a blow-off application that has a noise level of 95 dBA.  The maximum exposure time allowed by OSHA is 4 hours.  So, another operator would have to be placed in that area to work another 4 hours.  But, if the company added a Super Air Nozzle to the blow-off device, then the noise level would be reduced to 74 dBA.  Now, you can have one operator run the machine for the full 8 hours.  

PPE:

Personal Protection Equipment, or PPE, is equipment that is purchased to help protect the operators from hazards.  What may the problem be?  First, you have to train the operators on how to properly use them, as well as trust that they will follow the instructions explicitly.  It also adds cost to purchase and maintain them.  This is why this method is the least effective. 

At EXAIR, we have a statement: “Safety is everyone’s responsibility.”  The idea behind the NOSH hierarchy is to help review hazardous areas and implement safer products.  EXAIR can help your company follow the Hierarchy of Controls, to eliminate or reduce the hazards of compressed air usage.  Many EXAIR products, including Super Air Knives, Super Air Nozzles, Safety Air Guns, and Air Amplifiers are engineered to meet OSHA standards. If you have questions or want to talk to an EXAIR Application Engineer, please contact us to discuss how our products will be beneficial to your work environment’s safety. 

John Ball
Application Engineer
Email: johnball@exair.com
Twitter: @EXAIR_jb

Note 1: https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/hierarchy/default.html

Picture:  Safety First by Succo.  Pixabay License

How Does EXAIR Fit Into the NIOSH Hierarchy of Controls?

Published on by Tyler DanielLeave a comment

The Occupational Health and Safety Act of 1970 established the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, also known as NIOSH. This organization was founded with the goal of researching worker safety and health, and providing guidelines for employers to create safe and healthy workplace environments. A division of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), NIOSH has been diligently working to ensure that information is accessible to those who want to improve the safety of their operations.

On the NIOSH section of the CDC website, they’ve published a helpful guide for helping you to control and minimize the risk of exposure to hazards in the workplace. This hierarchy of controls provides a framework from most to least effective in terms of the way you manage these hazards and the exposure to your operators. This hierarchy of controls contains (5) levels of actions that can be taken to reduce or remove hazards from the workplace. In order of most to least effective, these controls are:

  1. Elimination
  2. Substitution
  3. Engineering Controls
  4. Administrative Controls
  5. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

 The least effective option for mitigating risks may not have been what you originally thought. PPE, or personal protective equipment, is something I’m sure you talk about often with your operators. Would you believe that this is ranked as the least effective method of preventing risks? This is because equipment can become easily damaged, may be uncomfortable and not always used when necessary, or simply used in an improper manner. We’ve all been guilty of doing something that we know we should’ve likely worn some PPE for, just out of convenience. Since it’s so easy to forget or simply not use, it makes PPE the least effective method when it comes to enhancing safety.

Moving up one notch on the scale we have administrative controls. These are also at the lower end of the effectiveness spectrum. These types of controls are centered around making changes to the way personnel works around the equipment. This can be achieved through implementation of training to correct operating procedures, cleanliness of the workplace, personal hygiene practices (proper hand-washing after handling hazardous materials for example). These, again, rely on the operator to listen and act in the way they’re trained.

Engineering controls reside in the middle of the effectiveness range. These are implemented by design changes to the equipment or process that reduces the risk of hazard. These controls can be very effective in protecting people regardless of the actions or behaviors of the operators. They are higher in cost generally than an administrative or PPE control, but can make operating costs lower and allow for a cost savings over the long-term.

Substitution is where EXAIR’s Intelligent Compressed Air Products come into play. By offering engineered solutions that meet or exceed OSHA Standards 29 CFR 1910.242(b) and 29 CFR 1910.95(a), EXAIR’s line of Safety Air Guns, Air Nozzles, and other engineered blowoffs will ensure your operators are not at risk when using our equipment. Anywhere you’re performing some sort of compressed air blowoff process, it’s important to be using equipment designed with safety in mind.

The most effective, but usually the hardest to implement, is elimination. This involves physically removing the hazard from the process. In many cases, a complete elimination is not going to be possible. That’s when you turn to the substitution method and look to EXAIR for a solution.

With years of industry experience under our belt, we’re well-equipped to help you improve safety in your workplace through a variety of off-the-shelf products. Give us a call today and we’ll be happy to discuss how we fit into your facility’s processes!

Tyler Daniel, CCASS

Application Engineer

E-mail: TylerDaniel@EXAIR.com

Twitter: @EXAIR_TD

Hierarchy of Controls Image:  used from  Public Domain

NIOSH Hierarchy of Controls

Published on by Jordan T ShouseLeave a comment

Last year I hosted a Webinar about the NIOSH Hierarchy of Controls and compressed air safety! You can watch that here on our website!

The hierarchy of controls is a strategy that originates from NIOSH (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health). NIOSH is the federal agency responsible for conducting research and making recommendations for the prevention of work-related injury and illness. This hierarchy is their recommendation for increasing safety for personnel by taking specific steps and how each step increases safety moving from bottom to top of the pyramid. In this blog I will explain the main elements of the HIERARCHY OF CONTROLS and illustrate how to reach the highest level of control with important compressed air safety standards.

Hierarchy of Controls

The least effective methods are Administrative Controls and Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). Administrative Controls involve making changes to the way people perform the work and promoting safe practices through training. The training could be related to correct operating procedures, keeping the workplace clean, emergency response to incidents, and personal hygiene practices, such as proper hand washing after handling hazardous materials. PPE is the least effective method because the personnel themselves make the choice to wear them or not wear them in any particular situation. They can be trained on the risks of not using PPE equipment (ear plugs, gloves, respirators, etc.) but we all know it does not always get used. PPE can also become damaged, may be uncomfortable and not used, or used incorrectly.

In the middle range of effectiveness is Engineering Controls. These controls are implemented by design changes to the equipment or process to reduce or eliminate the hazard. Good engineering controls can be very effective in protecting people regardless of the the actions and behaviors of the workers. While higher in initial cost than Administrative controls or PPE, typically operating costs are lower, and a cost saving may be realized in the long run.

The final two, Elimination and Substitution are the most effective but can be the most difficult to integrate into an existing process. If the process is still in the design phase, it may be easier and less expensive to eliminate or substitute the hazard. Elimination of the hazard would be the ultimate and most effective method, either by removing the hazard altogether, or changing the work process so the hazard is no longer part of the process.

EXAIR can help your company follow the Hierarchy of Controls, and eliminate, or substitute the hazards of compressed air use with relative ease. 

Home of Intelligent Compressed Air Products

Engineers can eliminate loud and unsafe pressure nozzles with designs that utilize quiet and intelligent compressed air products such as Air Nozzles, Air Knives and Air Amplifiers. Also, unsafe existing products such as air guns, can be substituted with EXAIR engineered solutions that meet the OSHA standards 29 CFR 1910.242(b) and 29 CFR 1910.95(a).

Elimination and Substitution are the most effective methods and should be used whenever possible to reduce or eliminate the hazard and keep people safe in the workplace. EXAIR products can be easily substituted for existing, unsafe compressed air products in many cases. And to avoid the hazard altogether, remember EXAIR when designing products  or processes which require compressed air use for cooling, cleaning, ejection, and more. 

If you have questions about the Hierarchy of Controls and safe compressed air usage from any of the 15 different EXAIR Intelligent Compressed Air® Product lines, feel free to contact EXAIR and myself or any of our Application Engineers can help you determine the best solution

Jordan Shouse
Application Engineer

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Twitter: @EXAIR_JS

Hierarchy of Controls Image:  used from  Public Domain