5S + Constant Evolution = 6S

A sticker on my dad’s old lunch box. I still use the lunchbox today. He worked for a steel mill in maintenance for more than 35 years. This was from one of their many safety program pushes.

6S is a standard in many facilities. This standard spawns from the Lean Manufacturing and Six Sigma standards of 5S. Of course, it adds one more characteristic to it: the sixth S, Safety. Back in 2006, I achieved a Green Belt in Six Sigma and Safety was mentioned a good amount as a driver for several of the processes. The fact Safety was not one of the fives shows two things, I’m getting older and getting closer to that age where I have been out of school longer than I was in; and Safety is and should be a top priority, maybe it always should have been.

In case you have never been introduced to Lean Manufacturing or Six Sigma, this principle focuses on a single piece flow and optimizing a work process to minimize the amount of time it takes. This increases efficiency in the manufacturing process and ultimately puts money back into the bottom line of the business.

The first S is Sort, you should remove anything that is not needed for the production process, this could be additional tooling or resources that are not needed for the specific work station or task. This prevents any kind of clutter or confusion on what is needed.

The second S is Set In Order, just like the photo above, every tool and bin should have it’s place at the work station. This helps operators find what they need when they need it. The outlines also give a visual indicator to any tool or device that may be missing and or in use. Again, it helps with the operators time efficiency and reduces risk of leaving a tool in a process.

Third is SHINE, every aspect of a work area should be cleaned up, sometimes this needs to be done throughout the shift and other times just at the end of the shift to put everything back in place and prepare for the next operator or day. When I worked in retail I would hear managers tell people, “You have time to lean, you have time to clean.” and while it isn’t the best approach, it is a true statement. This does contribute to keeping production running at high efficiency, being able to spot leaks or wear issues on equipment that aren’t caked in chips, grease, and used fluids. It can also aid with safety by preventing slips or falls from a leak or debris building up from a process.

Fourth, Standardize, this means all work areas should look the same, maybe not the exact same tools, or process, but any operator should be able to walk into a work station, read the documentation, and be able to function sufficiently. This also helps to keep the old ways of tribal knowledge from happening which will prevent changes and adjustments from not being documented and will help to reduce learning curves when changes happen.

Fifth, Sustain, this is one of the hardest. This means the standards that have been set in place are kept. Repetition is key in a scenario where 5S or 6S are being implemented and even where they have been set in place for a while. Revisiting the standards and ensuring they are aligned to production and operator needs is always good.

A Safety Sticker from my dad’s 1988 lunchbox that I still use to this day. They were running safety programs before it was cool.

Sixth, Safety, this should always be at the forefront of any process. Being able to keep operators safe during a work day is always a high priority and one of the many ways to do that is to use the other five Ss to make sure that they can efficiently and safely work throughout their day.

Whether it is replacing open pipe blowoffs with engineered nozzles, cross drilled blowguns with Safety Air Guns, installing Line Vacs to help evacuate trim or debris, Super Air Amplifiers to cool down a part before it is being handled. I’ve even helped customers with custom length air hoses to ensure their operators can’t reach the air hose into a process too far in order to ensure operator safety. EXAIR is always focused on safety and ensuring our products help increase process efficiency. If you want to see how we can help you and your team, contact an Application Engineer today.

Brian Farno, MBA – CCASS
National Business Development Manager

BrianFarno@EXAIR.com
@EXAIR_BF

Understanding Pressure Requirements For Your Compressed Air System

One of the advantages to compressed air operated equipment is the ability to precisely “dial in” the performance by regulating the supply pressure. Consider an EXAIR Super Air Knife, for example. The flow & force can be adjusted from a “breeze to a blast” and any point in between, via a point-of-use Pressure Regulator. I know of users who operate them with a supply pressure as low as 5psig (that’s the “breeze”) and as high as 120psig (that’s the “blast”), depending on the requirements of the application.

EXAIR Stainless Steel Super Air Knives are popular in food processing applications (left to right): removing excess moisture prior to flash freezing of fish fillets, preventing clumping while packaging shredded cheese, and (my personal favorite) ensuring a consistent and even glazing of fresh, delicious doughnuts.

For a wide variety of typical industrial blowoff applications, a supply pressure of 80psig is a good place to start. So, it stands to reason that the compressed air header pressure will have to be at least 80psig. If the piping/distribution system is sized properly to carry the total amount of air flow you need to the points of use, though, it doesn’t need to be an awful lot higher than 80psig…and that’s a good thing. Here’s why:

Any fluid encounters friction as it flows through a pipe (or hose or tube) which causes a drop in pressure along every bit of the length of flow. The larger the pipe (or hose or tube) the lower the friction and hence, the lower the pressure drop. Now, that’s only important if you care about how much you’re spending on running your air compressor(s). Consider this:

We’ve got a customer that puts our Model 110042 42″ Aluminum Super Air Knives on machinery they make & sell to their customers. This Air Knife will use 121.8 SCFM when supplied at 80psig with the stock 0.002″ thick shim installed, and does the job quite well, most of the time. Some specific applications, however, need higher flow & force from the Air Knife, so our customer offers, as an option, the Super Air Knife with a 0.004″ thick shim installed. Since this doubles the air gap, it also doubles the air consumption. They’d plumbed the supply line to the Air Knife per the recommended in-feed pipe sizes from the Installation & Maintenance Guide:

Super Air Knife Kits include a Shim Set, Filter Separator, and Pressure Regulator.

Since the drop was less than 10ft long, they used a 3/4″ pipe, which was fine…until they installed the 0.004″ thick shim, which meant the air consumption doubled, to 243.6 SCFM. To get that much flow, at 80psig to the Air Knife, they had to increase their header pressure to 110psig, from the 90psig level at which they had been running. This was well within the operating parameters of their air compressor, but it made the compressor work harder, so it used more energy…and cost more to run. In fact, every 2psi increase in compressor discharge pressure results in a 1% increase in operating horsepower (source: Compressed Air & Gas Institute Compressed Air Handbook, chapter 4, page 8).

So, by increasing the discharge pressure by 20psi, the compressor’s power draw (and hence, operating cost) went up 10%. Now, I never found out what size their customer’s compressor was, but I DID look up prices for SCH40 black iron pipe, and for an 8ft length, the 1″ pipe was only $10-15 more than the 3/4″ pipe they were using. Since 243.6 SCFM is roughly 60HP worth of a typical industrial air compressor load (industry thumb rule says they use about 1HP to make 4 SCFM), we can assume that it’s at least a 75HP compressor. Using the following formula to calculate the operating cost while it’s drawing 80% of full load (while making a few reasonable assumptions):

Cost ($) = bhp x 0.746 x # of operating hours x $/kWh x % time x % full load bhp
motor efficiency

bhp = motor full load horsepower (frequently higher than nameplate HP but we’ll use nameplate 75HP to be conservative)
0.746 = conversion from hp to kW

# of operating hours (assume a month’s worth, 8 hours/day, 5 days/week, 4 weeks/month=800 hours)
$/kWh (assume $0.08/kWh)
% time = percentage of run time at this operating level (assume 85% of the time)
% full load bhp = brake horsepower as percentage of full load bhp at this operating level (assume 60HP load, 85%)
Motor efficiency = motor efficiency at this operating level
(assume 95% fully loaded)

75HP x 0.746 x 800 x $0.08 x 0.85 x 0.85 = $2,723.29
.95

An additional 10% power draw changes the % full load bhp to 95%, and the cost for monthly operation is:

75HP x 0.746 x 800 x $0.08 x 0.95 x 0.85 = $3043.68
.95

That’s an extra $320.00 spent on running the compressor (per month) at 110psig discharge pressure, instead of an extra $15.00 spent on a larger pipe (one time cost) to run it at 90psig.

This is just one example of the effect of “artificial demand”, which is, essentially, wasted energy due to running your system at a higher pressure to compensate for undersized lines, leaks, intermittent high loads, etc. In addition to helping you specify the right supply line size for your compressed air operated products, we can assist with leak detection, intermediate storage, regulating supply pressures for differing loads, and replacing inefficient devices with engineered products. If you’d like to talk about any, or all, of that, give me a call.

Russ Bowman, CCASS

Application Engineer
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Video Blog: What’s The Most Popular & Critical Accessory

Today’s video showcases and describes how one of the most important accessories functions and where to install it. Take a watch and let an Application Engineer know if you have any questions.

Brian Farno, MBA – CCASS
National Business Development Manager

BrianFarno@EXAIR.com
@EXAIR_BF

Clean Up Clean Up… Everybody Do Your Part

Okay, if the title doesn’t get the song stuck in your head, maybe the YouTube video will. Whenever our kids were younger, my wife and I would start to sing this song when the kids didn’t want to help clean up, and then we would just be singing and trying to get them to clean up with the words. Eventually, they would help…

1 – Clean Up – Barney

So what does this have to do with industrial compressed air? Well, the compressed air system generally starts in a remote corner or location in the facility that not many people venture to. It is often where there is minimal routine cleaning that can directly impact the well-being of the air compressors for a facility.

We’ve blogged about this many times on critical ways to improve your compressed air system, and we often touch on ensuring you have clean compressed air. That all starts with the room or areas the compressors are housed in. If you keep the area clean and keep the air exchanging there, then the compressor has clean, fresh air to entrain and begin the compression process. If your compressor condensate drain just goes into a puddle and oil dry gets thrown on top of it, then that dust and debris all begin to become airborne over time. That gets entrained into the intake and not to mention the smell and biomass that begins to generate is rather foul. If oil or some other lubricant gets spilled and not cleaned up when it happens, then when a real leak develops on the compressor it can’t be found because the area is already covered in oil and grime that never gets cleaned.

The notorious “Compressor Closet” that never gets opened in a small shop.

When trying to perform preventative maintenance and the area is littered with debris, oil dry, unused parts, and dimly lit, you can’t easily see or find all the maintenance points on the equipment and will often spend more time trying to clean the area up than the actual maintenance takes. Adding a cleaning process to the weekly routine of the area is one of the best things that can be done for the compressor room/area. It makes operators more aware of where the compressed air is coming from and should anything not look right, it makes it easier to see and report.

If you would like to talk about other key components to optimizing your compressed air system, contact an Application Engineer today.

Brian Farno, Application Engineer